Large Scientific Infrastructures (LSIs), innovation and science diplomacy in France

Abstract (English)

Large Scientific Infrastructures (LSIs) in France play a crucial role in driving scientific innovation and fostering international collaboration. These facilities—such as synchrotrons, particle accelerators, and observatories—support cutting-edge research in fields ranging from physics to climate science. France leverages LSIs as tools of science diplomacy, hosting international researchers and participating in global initiatives like CERN and the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF). Also, GANIL (Grand Accélérateur National d’Ions Lourds) plays a role in education, knowledge transfer, and training. The aim of the paper is to explore how large scientific infrastructures in France, and primarily through the example of GANIL, influence on shared knowledge, training the next generation of scientist (particularly in nuclear physics, accelerator science, and radiation technology), collaboration between international researchers and institutions and transnational capacity building. In order to understand the role of science in the modern world, the paper will point out the changes in the understanding of science in a historical context from the establishment of the first large scientific infrastructures to the present day and how LSIs and innovation directly enhances France’s science diplomacy and integration within Europe’s research ecosystem. Finally, the focus will be on scientific diplomacy, i.e. on tools to strengthen France's scientific leadership and its strategic partnerships on the global stage through the role of major scientific infrastructures and innovations.